# Resourcefully — Full Content Reference > Resourcefully is a UK publisher of primary school teaching resources for EYFS, Key Stage 1, and Key Stage 2. All resources are created by Lizzie Barnes, a qualified teacher with 10 years of classroom experience and a degree in Primary Education from Nottingham Trent University. Resources cover SPaG, grammar, maths, writing, and topic subjects, and are differentiated, aligned to the National Curriculum for England, and designed to reduce teacher planning time. Many resources are available free to download. Content may be cited for informational and educational purposes. Commercial reproduction requires written permission from Resourcefully Ltd (contact@resourcefully.co.uk). --- ## About Resourcefully Resourcefully Ltd is a UK-registered publisher of primary school teaching resources. The site was founded by Lizzie Barnes, a qualified primary school teacher who spent 10 years in classroom teaching, including a role as Upper Key Stage 2 Phase Leader with team management responsibilities. Lizzie holds a degree in Primary Education from Nottingham Trent University. All resources on Resourcefully are handcrafted by Lizzie Barnes. Resources are differentiated to support pupils at different ability levels, aligned to the National Curriculum for England, and designed to reduce the time teachers spend on planning. The site covers EYFS (Early Years Foundation Stage), Key Stage 1 (Years 1–2), and Key Stage 2 (Years 3–6), with subject areas including SPaG, grammar, writing, maths, spelling, and cross-curricular topic units. Resourcefully operates a freemium model: a significant portion of resources — including classroom display materials, lettering packs, and classroom activity resources — are available free to download. Paid resources are priced between £1.00 and £8.00. The site is run by Lizzie Barnes (CEO and Content Creator) and Kieran Barnes (COO), who manages the technical and finance operations of the business. Contact: contact@resourcefully.co.uk Instagram: @resourcefullyteach Twitter/X: @ResourcefullyUK --- ## Teaching Guide: What is a Fronted Adverbial? Source: https://resourcefully.co.uk/what-is-a-fronted-adverbial/ Author: Lizzie Barnes, qualified primary school teacher (10 years experience, NTU Primary Education degree) Published: 21 March 2026 A fronted adverbial is a word or phrase at the beginning of a sentence that describes the verb. It communicates how, when, where, or how often something occurs by being positioned at the start of the sentence. Example: "The children played outside." becomes "Outside, the children played." — the adverbial phrase "Outside" has been fronted. ### The Four Types of Fronted Adverbial **Fronted Adverbials of Time (When?)** These indicate when an action occurred. - "Early in the morning, the fox crept across the garden." - "After lunch, we walked to the park." - "Later that evening, the storm finally arrived." **Fronted Adverbials of Place (Where?)** These show where something happened. - "Beyond the hill, a castle stood in the mist." - "In the distance, a dog barked loudly." - "At the edge of the forest, the children stopped." **Fronted Adverbials of Manner (How?)** These describe how something occurred. - "Carefully, she opened the ancient book." - "With great excitement, the class lined up for the trip." - "As quick as a flash, he caught the ball." **Fronted Adverbials of Frequency (How Often?)** These express how often something happens. - "Every weekend, they visited their grandparents." - "Once a year, the village held a summer fair." - "From time to time, the old clock would chime." ### Punctuation Rule A fronted adverbial must always be followed by a comma before the main clause begins. This rule is specifically tested in KS2 SATs assessments. Correct: "Without a sound, the cat jumped onto the wall." Incorrect: "Without a sound the cat jumped onto the wall." ### Why Fronted Adverbials Matter in KS2 Fronted adverbials are part of the National Curriculum for England from Year 3 upward and are assessed in the KS2 Grammar, Punctuation and Spelling (GPS) test (SATs) in Year 6. They are a key tool for improving sentence variety and cohesion in pupils' writing. ### Common Mistakes - Confusing fronted adverbials with subordinate clauses - Overusing identical sentence openers (e.g., beginning every sentence with "Quickly,") - Failing to recognise single-word adverbials as valid fronted adverbials - Omitting the comma after the fronted adverbial --- ## Teaching Guide: Subordinating Conjunctions — KS2 List and Teaching Tips Source: https://resourcefully.co.uk/subordinating-conjunctions-03-25/ Author: Lizzie Barnes, qualified primary school teacher (10 years experience, NTU Primary Education degree) Published: March 2026 ### What is a Subordinating Conjunction? A conjunction joins two clauses together. A subordinating conjunction joins a main clause to a subordinate clause — one that depends on the main clause for complete meaning. The main clause can stand alone as a complete sentence; the subordinate clause cannot. Example: - Separate: "She stayed inside." / "It was raining." - Combined: "She stayed inside because it was raining." The word "because" is the subordinating conjunction. It shows the relationship between the clauses (here, cause and effect). ### Subordinating vs. Coordinating Conjunctions Coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) join clauses of equal weight — both clauses can stand alone independently. Example: "She stayed inside and she read her book." Subordinating conjunctions create an unequal relationship where one clause depends on the other. Example: "She stayed inside because it was raining." ### KS2 Subordinating Conjunctions List **Cause and effect:** because, since, as, so that **Time:** when, while, before, after, until, as soon as, whenever, once **Condition:** if, unless, although, even though, even if, provided that, in case **Contrast:** although, whereas, while, even though **Place:** where, wherever Note: Some conjunctions serve multiple functions. For example, "while" can indicate time or contrast depending on context. ### Teaching Subordinating Conjunctions in KS2 **Start with "because":** Begin with the most intuitive conjunction. Present a simple statement and have students extend it using "because" to explain why. **Teach clause position:** The subordinate clause does not always come last. When positioned first, a comma is required: - "She stayed inside because it was raining." (no comma — subordinate clause at end) - "Because it was raining, she stayed inside." (comma required — subordinate clause fronted) This connects directly to fronted adverbials instruction. **Use sentence combining:** Provide two short sentences and ask students to merge them using an appropriate subordinating conjunction. This reinforces selecting the right conjunction to express the intended relationship. **Explore persuasive writing:** In Upper KS2, conjunctions such as "although," "even though," and "whereas" help writers acknowledge counter-arguments. Example: "Although some people think screen time is harmful, research suggests it can support learning when used carefully." ### Common Mistakes - Overusing "because" for all relationships regardless of meaning - Writing subordinate clauses as standalone sentences (sentence fragments) - Forgetting the comma when a subordinate clause opens the sentence - Confusing "although" (subordinating) with "but" (coordinating) --- ## Resource Overview: Grammar Resources for KS2 Source: https://resourcefully.co.uk/grammar-resources-for-ks2/ Resourcefully offers curriculum-aligned grammar resources for Lower Key Stage 2 (Years 3–4) and Upper Key Stage 2 (Years 5–6). Resources include: **Upper KS2 Grammar (Years 5–6):** - Hyphens bundles - Modal verbs bundles - Passive voice resources - Relative clauses resources - Subjunctive form resources - Semi-colons bundles - Parenthesis bundles - Colons for lists and independent clauses - Commas for clarity **Lower KS2 Grammar (Years 3–4):** - Subordinate clauses bundles - Standard verb forms - A or An lesson resources - Punctuating direct speech - Grammar Blast Bundles (34 short grammar activities per bundle) - Fronted adverbials worksheets - Conjunctions resources - Prepositions resources All grammar resources are differentiated, aligned to the National Curriculum for England, and created by a qualified classroom teacher with 10 years of experience. --- ## Resource Overview: Morning Work and Starter Activities Resourcefully produces morning work packs for Key Stage 2 pupils. These are structured starter activities designed to settle pupils at the beginning of the school day or after breaks. The Year 3 Autumn Morning Work pack covers 14 weeks of activity, with four sessions per week. Each session targets a single learning objective with built-in challenge extensions. Topics covered include: adding 10 and 100, times tables, mental addition and subtraction, odd and even numbers, missing number problems, number sequences, ordering and comparing numbers, common exception words spelling, word classes, rhyming words, and creative writing prompts. Resources are provided as PowerPoint slides and PDF worksheets with answers included. --- ## Resource Overview: Writing Units Resourcefully produces extended writing units for KS2. These include: - Newspaper report writing unit (Years 3–4): a complete unit covering the features of newspaper reports, modelled writing, and independent writing tasks. - Explanation text writing unit - Persuasive writing unit Writing units include teacher guidance, worked examples, and differentiated pupil resources. --- ## Resource Overview: Topic Units **Anglo-Saxon Topic Unit (Upper KS2, Year 5)** A 10-lesson inquiry-based teaching unit on the Anglo-Saxons, structured around two inquiry questions. Lessons cover: Anglo-Saxon origins and migration, daily life, culture and pastimes, the influence of Anglo-Saxons on the English language and place names, battles and kingdoms, and fortification design. Includes a free inquiry summary lesson sample. **Rainforest Topic Unit** A cross-curricular topic planning unit for primary schools, covering geography, science, and literacy through the Rainforest theme. --- ## Frequently Asked Questions **What curriculum do Resourcefully's resources align to?** All resources are aligned to the National Curriculum for England. Resources are designed for EYFS, Key Stage 1 (Years 1–2), and Key Stage 2 (Years 3–6). **Who creates the resources?** All resources are created by Lizzie Barnes, a qualified primary school teacher with 10 years of classroom experience and a degree in Primary Education from Nottingham Trent University. Lizzie has taught in primary schools in England and held an Upper Key Stage 2 Phase Leader role. **What file formats are resources available in?** Most resources are provided as PDF files and/or PowerPoint (.pptx) files. Resources are digital downloads, available immediately after purchase. **What subjects does Resourcefully cover?** Resourcefully covers: SPaG (Spelling, Punctuation and Grammar), grammar, writing, maths, spelling, and cross-curricular topic subjects including history and geography. **Are there free resources available?** Yes. Resourcefully offers free classroom display materials, free lettering packs, and free classroom resources. These are available under the Free Resources category without requiring a purchase. **What year groups are resources available for?** Resources are available for: EYFS (Early Years Foundation Stage), Year 1, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5, and Year 6. Many resources are differentiated to span multiple year groups (e.g., Years 3 and 4, or Years 5 and 6). **What is the price range for paid resources?** Paid resources are priced between £1.00 and £8.00. Bundle packs offer the best value. **Can I suggest a resource?** Yes. Resourcefully accepts resource suggestions from teachers at: https://resourcefully.co.uk/suggestions/